【2021-01-10】
有关 Big Tech 正在进行的大清洗,几点看法:
1)他们的做法当然是非常恶劣,令人恶心的,
2)但我仍坚持认为,私人企业有权拒绝为特定人提供服务,
3)如果这种拒绝违反了双方的(明文的或默示的)契约,那也只须承担违约责任,没有其他责任,
4)同时,我赞同修订 Section 230,因为依我看,230其实有个隐含前提,由用户贡献内容的网络平台,是对内容中立的,所以才能享受与内容相关的法律责任的豁免,相反,传统纸媒的(more...)
【2021-01-10】
有关 Big Tech 正在进行的大清洗,几点看法:
1)他们的做法当然是非常恶劣,令人恶心的,
2)但我仍坚持认为,私人企业有权拒绝为特定人提供服务,
3)如果这种拒绝违反了双方的(明文的或默示的)契约,那也只须承担违约责任,没有其他责任,
4)同时,我赞同修订 Section 230,因为依我看,230其实有个隐含前提,由用户贡献内容的网络平台,是对内容中立的,所以才能享受与内容相关的法律责任的豁免,相反,传统纸媒的(more...)
Censorship in America
美国的言论审查
作者:John Stossel @2015-10-14
翻译:Drunkplane
校对:小册子
来源:CREATORS.COM,https://reason.com/archives/2015/10/14/censorship-in-america
Free speech matters
言论自由很重要
Support for the idea that it’s good to hear all opinions, even offensive ones, is thin. A plurality of Americans now support laws against “hate speech.”
“所有意见都听听是有好处的,哪怕是让人感到被冒犯的意见”——支持这种观点的声音已变得羸弱。如今大多数美国人支持立法针对“仇恨言论”。
Conservatives once wanted to ban Playboy magazine, violent rap lyrics and offensive depictions of Jesus. Leftists then were right to fight such bans, but today leftists encourage censorship in the name of “tolerance.”
保守派曾经试图禁止《花花公子》杂志、狂暴的说唱音乐和对耶稣的不敬描写。左派当时站出来与此等禁令作斗争是正确的,但如今他们却以“宽容”之名鼓励言论审查。
Scientist Matt Taylor helped land a probe on a comet for the first time in history. But because he explained his achievement while wearing a T-shirt that had cartoons of sexy women on it (designed by a female friend of(more...)
——海德沙龙·翻译组,致力于将英文世界的好文章搬进中文世界——
韩寒的名誉侵权案难以成立
辉格
2012年1月30日
“打假斗士”方舟子近来真可谓越战越勇,方罗之战硝烟尚未散尽,方韩之战便已鸣锣开炮;在此之前,他的战斗多半像是单方面远距离挑战,对方少有回应,即便回应也是选择自己的时机和节奏,而现在不同了,或许是因为微博的作用,而交战双方又都是拥有海量粉丝的网络名人,微博所创造的即时互动特性已将战斗变成了近身肉搏。
但凡近身肉搏,场面总是会比较难看,情急之下,是很难顾及风度的,而像韩寒这样较为介意或倚重于风度、气质、性情等人格魅力,并且其地位和影响力也很大程度上建立于此的明星作家,肉搏的代价便尤其惨重,他的许多读者和粉丝,恐怕都已经在这短短几天中,或隐约或恍然的发现了一个与此前印象颇为不同的韩寒。
就这场战斗而言,几个特别难看的场面,都与当事人不善于面对质疑有关,而这一弱点在国人中间似乎很普遍;许多针对质疑所做出的激烈反应,包括力挺韩寒的一些名人,都混淆了质疑、判决和基于判决而实施的惩罚,这三件截然不同的事情,如此混淆才会让他们将麦田和方舟子的质疑类比于秦桧的莫须有加罪,甚至文革中的大批斗;尽管在之前的类似纷争中,早已有头脑清醒人士多次辨析和澄清这三者的区别,但遗憾的是,介入这次争议的许多人并未表现出他们在这方面有多少长进。
司法判决可能会导致人身强制,甚至沉重的刑罚,因而被要求遵循无罪推定原则,甚至需要排除一切合理怀疑,但普通人之间的相互质疑却不必遵循同样的原则,并没有什么规范阻止质疑者使用可靠或不可靠的传闻做出自己的推断和猜测,他们依据的事实无须满足证据法的要求,而他们的推理方式也不必遵循司法标准或逻辑教科书的要求,若非如此,除非在(more...)
看到一则有趣的新闻,剑桥学生Omar Choudary在其硕士论文中提到了Chip-and-PIN支付系统的一个安全漏洞,尽管该漏洞在专业领域已广为人知,但Omar将论文上传到剑桥网站的行为还是引起了英国银行业的担忧,于是UK Cards Association主席Melanie Johnson给Omar所在的剑桥计算机实验室写信要求从网站撤下文章,结果,他得到的是实验室Ross J. Anderson教授牛逼哄哄的答复:
Second, you seem to think that we might censor a student’s thesis, which is lawful and al(more...)
Second, you seem to think that we might censor a student's thesis, which is lawful and already in the public domain, simply because a powerful interest finds it inconvenient. This shows a deep misconception of what universities are and how we work. Cambridge is the University of Erasmus, of Newton, and of Darwin; censoring writings that offend the powerful is offensive to our deepest values. Thus even though the decision to put the thesis online was Omar's, we have no choice but to back him. That would hold even if we did not agree with the material! Accordingly I have authorised the thesis to be issued as a Computer Laboratory Technical Report. This will make it easier for people to find and to cite, and will ensure that its presence on our web site is permanent....
......
You complain that our work may undermine public confidence in the payments system. What will support public confidence in the payments system is evidence that the banks are frank and honest in admitting its weaknesses when they are exposed, and diligent in effecting the necessary remedies. Your letter shows that, instead, your member banks do their lamentable best to deprecate the work of those outside their cosy club, and indeed to censor it.
不难想象,这一举动会被许多人视为剑桥言论自由和学术独立精神的一次响亮展示而获得欢呼和羡慕(中文报道在Google Reader上获得了25个喜欢),不过,我怎么看都觉得这位Anderson的火气有点莫名其妙。 我甚至没弄明白他究竟要表达什么意思,剑桥对其学生/学者公布任何研究内容都没有限制?即便不予限制,连指导意见或准则都没有?而一旦他们公布了就no choice but to back him?否则便辱没了Newton和Darwin? 举个例子,假如这个Omar研究的是性生理学,而他公布了临床志愿者的姓名和临床资料,剑桥管理部门真的没意见?或者他是人类学家,不小心泄露了田野调查对象的敏感隐私,人家来投诉要求做匿名化处理,你也会这么火大? 我不信剑桥在此类问题上完全没有准则,当然Omar的行为可能没有逾越这些准则,但在信用卡安全这么敏感的事情上,外人指望一下存在相关准则,也不为过吧?犯得着为此发飙? 我猜,答案或许隐藏在“a powerful interest finds it inconvenient”这句话里,假如finds it inconvenient的不是银行业协会,而是妇女保护组织,儿童关怀组织,绿色环保组织,回答大概会温柔的多,果若如此,那到底是谁更powerful呢?……