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	<title>海德沙龙（HeadSalon） &#187; 性別</title>
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	<description>A Salon for Heads, No Sofa for Ass</description>
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		<title>脱北者</title>
		<link>https://headsalon.org/archives/9056.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Feb 2022 01:28:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[辉格]]></dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[性別]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[移民]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[职业]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[【2022-02-09】 @whigzhou: 看了点脱北资料，发现两个有意思的点：1）逃亡路线原来还有条南线 [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>【2022-02-09】</p>
<p>@whigzhou: 看了点脱北资料，发现两个有意思的点：1）逃亡路线原来还有条南线，以前只知道乌兰巴托这条线，而且走南线的比例更高，2）2002年之前，逃亡者中男性居多，此后女性比例不断上升，升至3-5倍于男性，</p>
<p><a href="http://headsalon.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/North_Korean_defector_routes_map.png"><img class="aligncenter size-large wp-image-9057" src="http://headsalon.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/North_Korean_defector_routes_map-1024x811.png" alt="North_Korean_defector_routes_map" width="1024" height="811" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://headsalon.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/537956cagy1gz7g1kgkamj21ni090jvq.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-9058" src="http://headsalon.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/537956cagy1gz7g1kgkamj21ni090jvq.jpg" alt="537956cagy1gz7g1kgkamj21ni090jvq" width="900" height="270" /></a></p>
<p>对第二点，<a href="https://www.nknews.org/2013/07/why-are-the-majority-of-north-korean-defectors-women/" target="_blank">有个解释</a>是，在北高丽，女性职业的体制内程度更低，这一差别类似于计划时代国企工人与农民的差别，这意味着：</p>
<p>1）女性的活动与行踪受体制内纪律约束更少，比如，体制内编制员工若几天没出现在单位，就会引起怀疑，进而触发搜索行动，而女性免于这种强约束的机会更多，</p>
<p>2）因为职业的体制化程度更低（比如，北高丽的灰色经济更多由女性从事），所以她们的技能和经验也更有机会在一个非计划经济中具有市场价值，这会帮助她们在逃亡路上谋生，</p>
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